1700 - 1800

1729 - 8 August, 1729 - The preservation of the peace, protection of property and the arrest of offenders has been the goal of Baltimore residents since August 8, 1729, when the Legislature created Baltimore Town, 100 years before the "London Metropolitan Police Department" was founded by Sir Robert Peel (1829) Note: Sir Robert Peel "Bobby" Peel is widely believed to be where the nickname of the police helmet "Bobby Cap" came from, upon founding the London Metropolitan Police Department, officers were quickly called Bobby Cops, or Bobbies, likewise their hats, "Bobby Caps" 
1775 - Would be the start of what would come to be 9 years of haphazard policing in "Baltimore Town" where mistakes were made, but those mistakes were learned from, and in 1784 "Baltimore Town", decided to form a paid "Watch", in which the Watchmen could be fired, or otherwise penalized, for neglect of duty. These first attempts to form the Nightwatch had male inhabitant capable of duty sign an agreement, in which they swore to conform to police regulations adopted by the citizens and sanctioned by the Board of Commissioners, to attend when summoned to serve as night watchmen. This committee had some of the functions of the 1888 Board of Police Commissioners. (The town was divided into Districts and in each of these was stationed a company commanded by a Captain of the Nightwatch.) 
1775/76 - The first Captains of the watch, or police, in Baltimore, under this primitive arrangement, were Captain James Calhoun, of the First District; Captain George Woolsey, Second District; Captain Benjamin Griffith, Third District; Captain Barnard Eichelberger, Fourth District; Captain George Lindenberger, Fifth District; and Captain William Goodwin, of the Sixth District. At Fell's Point, Captain Isaac Yanbidder, with two assistants, or Lieutenants. Each Captain had under his command a squad of sixteen men, every inhabitant being enrolled, and taking his turn. The streets were patrolled by these watchmen from 10 pm. until daybreak. 
1776 -  20 December 1776 - As British troops closed in on Philadelphia at the end of 1776, the Continental Congress decided to abandon the city and flee south to the safe haven of Baltimore. Delegates convened on December 20, 1776, inside the spacious house and tavern of Henry Fite. Click HERE 

1784 - The First Attempt to Organize a Paid Force to Guard Baltimore occurred in 1784. Constables were appointed and given police powers to keep the peace. Baltimore's Police Department had been developing their police force since the formation of our "Night Watch" in 1784. In the beginning, they were "Necessary to prevent fires, burglaries, and other outrages and disorders." This from (Chapter 69, Acts of 1784). This was 45 years before Sir Robert Peel's London Metropolitan Police was founded in 1829
1784 - Baltimore would obtain Street Lights by order of the Police Department - These lights were oil lamps and they were lit by order of the police, they were extinguished by the police, and they were maintained by order of the police. It was not so obvious to the public as it were to the panel of commissioners, and to the council of city hall, but the lighted streets in Baltimore were a deterrent that prevented, and decreased crime, in and around "Mob Town". While at first many of the ideas, and or theories of the Panel of Commissioners, and or Our Marshals were often shot down, or put off until they either died in committee or were funded privately. Still, many of these ideas went on to become the norm in law enforcement throughout the country, and around the world.  Furthermore, these concepts would eventually be paid for, and widely approved of and authorized by state legislatures. 
1787 -  May 1787 - We lost our Brother Watchman Turner 
1797 - 3 April 1797 - the City Council passed the first ordinance affecting the police. It directed that three persons were to be appointed Commissioners of the watch. They could employ for one year as many Captains and watchmen as had been employed in the night watch the year past for the same remuneration. The Commissioners prescribed regulations and hours of duty for the police. 
1798 - 19 March 1798 - An officer known as “The City” or “High Constable”, was created by the ordinance on March 19, 1798. His duty was "to walk through the streets, lanes, and alleys of the city daily, with mace in hand, taking such rounds, that within a reasonable time he shall visit all parts of the city, and give information to the Mayor or other Magistrate, of all nuisances within the city, and all obstructions and impediments in the streets, lanes, and alleys, and of all offenses committed against the laws and ordinances." He was also required to report the names of the offenders against any ordinance and the names of the witnesses who could sustain the prosecutions against them and regard the mayor as his chief. The yearly salary of the city constable was fixed at $350, and he was required to give a bond for the performance of his duty. 
1798 - Baltimore made the first of certain steps toward creating the chief of police, or marshal as he was later called. A high constable was appointed, and it was his duty to tour the city frequently, carried a mace, the badge of authority, and to report on lawbreakers.  By the turn of the century, Baltimore had again become an unmanageable, riotous city. It was now a bustling community of 31,514 in population and one historian remarks naively, "The city was a rendezvous of a number of evil characters."  
1799 - 26 February 1799 - Authorized the appointment of a city constable in each ward. This ward constable was thus a policeman, and the term of city constable was not properly his although his duties were defined by the ordinance to be the same as those of the city or high constable.

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Baltimore Police Hall of Fame

These officers are legends with names that everyone should be familiar with; they either put forward something that resulted in long-lasting improvements or stood out for a specific act or actions during their careers with the Baltimore Police Department. Members of our department nominated all of them. If you have someone to nominate, send us their name, years of active service, assignment(s), and why you believe they should be added to this list.

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Press Review

Richard J. Ellwood Sr

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Richard J. Ellwood Sr

P/O Richard J. Ellwood Sr joined the Baltimore City Police Department in 1939. He was thirty-four years old when he joined, probably a little older than most who joined the department in their early twenties. He may have felt a little pressure from his father-in-law, who was a cop, and his brother-in-law also on the force.

When P/O Ellwood Sr finished his initial police training, he was assigned to the Central District. This is ironic as many years later his son Sgt Richard J. Ellwood Jr. would follow in his father’s footsteps, and he too would spend his first days in uniform assigned to the Central District, as did Sgt Richard J. Ellwood Jr’s brother, Sgt John Ellwood, who was also assigned to the Central District when he joined the department.

To get the true picture of why we feel Richard J. Ellwood Sr belongs in our Hall of Fame, and why he was considered a legend to his sons, and so many others you have to understand what it meant to a neighborhood back in those days to have a police officer living amongst them.

In those days a police officer was revered. It was as if he was the sheriff of a small town. He was expected to have all the answers when asked by the neighbors about things like problems with their kids, marital problems, sanitation problems, parking tickets, and many more very mundane issues. Oh yeah… he was the guy who was called when someone died in the neighborhood. I know this sounds crazy but it’s true… P/O Richard J. Ellwood Sr would get calls or people would just knock on the door when they needed him, regardless of the time. His family used to kid P/O Ellwood Sr that when a man in the neighborhood passed away, you would see him wearing what appeared to be a new suit.

I don’t think he ever turned anyone down that wanted his help. In the summer when it was very hot, the family would sit out on their marble steps, sometimes very late into the night. People used to come to P/O Ellwood Sr asking if they could talk to him. Sometimes they would take him to the side to talk; sometimes they would just talk in front of his family. His family consisted of three daughters, two sons and his wife. The marble steps were crowded.

The favors or questions that the neighbors asked, always got an answer…you see, P/O Ellwood Sr had a great knowledge on many facets of city government. The neighborhood had several men that were involved in city government; P/O Ellwood Sr knew where to go to get things done.

P/O Ellwood Sr helped some of the men in the neighborhood get on the police department. He knew the chief physician for the department. His son Sgt Ellwood Jr knew first-hand that a few of the men that got on the police department, got on because of his dad. He knew this because years later they told him how it had all happened.

There was one guy that Sgt Ellwood Jr remembered coming by their house and asking for his dad’s help in getting him on the job…his name Sgt Ellwood Jr could never forget… it was, Francis Xavier Donahue. He was probably twenty-one at the time, but he didn’t look his age. He appeared to be very shy when he approached P/O Ellwood Sr.

Donahue was a not a tall man; he stood about five feet six inches tall. On his first try to get on the department, he was told he was too short. Sgt Ellwood Jr said he remembered him talking to his father and was very disappointed that he failed on his first try. P/O Ellwood Sr told him that he would talk to the police physician. He later told Donahue that when he gets called back for another chance that he should stand on his tippy toes when being measured for his height.

Well, many years later when Sgt Ellwood Jr reported to the Central District, he met the then Sergeant Francis Xavier Donahue. Sergeant Donahue pulled the young Sgt Ellwood Jr. aside and told him that his father was the reason Sgt Donahue was a cop. 

P/O Ellwood Sr touched many lives during his career with the Baltimore Police Department. He worked in the foot traffic unit for his last seventeen years. His assigned corner was Baltimore Street and South Street. He knew everyone in that area, and they all knew and loved him. When Sgt Ellwood Jr was a young boy, his father would sometimes take him to meet people in the area of "his corner".

Richard J. Ellwood Sr was not a medal of honor recipient, or even a highly decorated police officer. He did not get promoted during his career with the department, but what he was, was what most people see as what the true meaning of a police officer should be: he was dedicated, loyal, honest, faithful, righteous, church going, true blue and of course, the best husband, and father, anyone would ever want. 

Not only did Richard J. Ellwood Sr serve and protect the city, but he served as a role model, and example to a point that he raised two sons that admired their father so much that they would also go on to take the oath and follow in their dad’s footsteps to serve and protect the residents of Baltimore City, and for that, The Baltimore City Police Historical Society is adding him to our Police Officer’s Hall of Fame.

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A list of Richard Ellwood Sr's family that were members of the Baltimore Police Department

P/O Dick Ellwood Sr. (Father to Dick Ellwood Jr. & John Ellwood)
Sgt. John Ellwood (Brother of Dick Ellwood Sr. - Son/Dick Ellwood Jr.)
Sgt. Dick Ellwood Jr.(son of Dick Ellwood Sr./brother to John Ellwood)
Det. David Ellwood (son of Dick Ellwood Jr.)

Capt. John Dunn (Grandfather to Dick Ellwood JR. & John Ellwood)
Lt. Ed Dunn (Uncle to Dick Ellwood & John Ellwood)
Edward Dunn (Father)
Michael Dunn (Son)
Paul Dunn, (Son) 
Officer James T. Dunn (
HERE)

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POLICE INFORMATION

If you have copies of: your Baltimore Police Department Class Photo, Pictures of our Officers, Vehicles, Equipment, Newspaper Articles relating to our department and or officers, Old Departmental Newsletters, Lookouts, Wanted Posters, and or Brochures. Information on Deceased Officers and anything that may help Preserve the History and Proud Traditions of this agency. Please contact Retired Detective Kenny Driscoll.

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Please contact Det. Ret. Kenny Driscoll if you have any pictures of you or your family members and wish them remembered here on this tribute site to Honor the fine men and women who have served with Honor and Distinction at the Baltimore Police Department. Anyone with information, photographs, memorabilia, or other "Baltimore City Police" items can contact Ret. Det. Kenny Driscoll at This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. follow us on Twitter @BaltoPoliceHist or like us on Facebook or mail pics to 8138 Dundalk Ave. Baltimore Md. 21222

 

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Please contact Det. Ret. Kenny Driscoll if you have any pictures of you or your family members and wish them remembered here on this tribute site to Honor the fine men and women who have served with Honor and Distinction at the Baltimore Police Department. Anyone with information, photographs, memorabilia, or other "Baltimore City Police" items can contact Ret. Det. Kenny Driscoll at   Kenny@BaltimoreCityPoliceHistory.com follow us on Twitter @BaltoPoliceHist or like us on Facebook or mail pics to 8138 Dundalk Ave. Baltimore Md. 21222.

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