1700 - 1800

1729 - 8 August, 1729 - The preservation of the peace, protection of property and the arrest of offenders has been the goal of Baltimore residents since August 8, 1729, when the Legislature created Baltimore Town, 100 years before the "London Metropolitan Police Department" was founded by Sir Robert Peel (1829) Note: Sir Robert Peel "Bobby" Peel is widely believed to be where the nickname of the police helmet "Bobby Cap" came from, upon founding the London Metropolitan Police Department, officers were quickly called Bobby Cops, or Bobbies, likewise their hats, "Bobby Caps" 
1775 - Would be the start of what would come to be 9 years of haphazard policing in "Baltimore Town" where mistakes were made, but those mistakes were learned from, and in 1784 "Baltimore Town", decided to form a paid "Watch", in which the Watchmen could be fired, or otherwise penalized, for neglect of duty. These first attempts to form the Nightwatch had male inhabitant capable of duty sign an agreement, in which they swore to conform to police regulations adopted by the citizens and sanctioned by the Board of Commissioners, to attend when summoned to serve as night watchmen. This committee had some of the functions of the 1888 Board of Police Commissioners. (The town was divided into Districts and in each of these was stationed a company commanded by a Captain of the Nightwatch.) 
1775/76 - The first Captains of the watch, or police, in Baltimore, under this primitive arrangement, were Captain James Calhoun, of the First District; Captain George Woolsey, Second District; Captain Benjamin Griffith, Third District; Captain Barnard Eichelberger, Fourth District; Captain George Lindenberger, Fifth District; and Captain William Goodwin, of the Sixth District. At Fell's Point, Captain Isaac Yanbidder, with two assistants, or Lieutenants. Each Captain had under his command a squad of sixteen men, every inhabitant being enrolled, and taking his turn. The streets were patrolled by these watchmen from 10 pm. until daybreak. 
1776 -  20 December 1776 - As British troops closed in on Philadelphia at the end of 1776, the Continental Congress decided to abandon the city and flee south to the safe haven of Baltimore. Delegates convened on December 20, 1776, inside the spacious house and tavern of Henry Fite. Click HERE 

1784 - The First Attempt to Organize a Paid Force to Guard Baltimore occurred in 1784. Constables were appointed and given police powers to keep the peace. Baltimore's Police Department had been developing their police force since the formation of our "Night Watch" in 1784. In the beginning, they were "Necessary to prevent fires, burglaries, and other outrages and disorders." This from (Chapter 69, Acts of 1784). This was 45 years before Sir Robert Peel's London Metropolitan Police was founded in 1829
1784 - Baltimore would obtain Street Lights by order of the Police Department - These lights were oil lamps and they were lit by order of the police, they were extinguished by the police, and they were maintained by order of the police. It was not so obvious to the public as it were to the panel of commissioners, and to the council of city hall, but the lighted streets in Baltimore were a deterrent that prevented, and decreased crime, in and around "Mob Town". While at first many of the ideas, and or theories of the Panel of Commissioners, and or Our Marshals were often shot down, or put off until they either died in committee or were funded privately. Still, many of these ideas went on to become the norm in law enforcement throughout the country, and around the world.  Furthermore, these concepts would eventually be paid for, and widely approved of and authorized by state legislatures. 
1787 -  May 1787 - We lost our Brother Watchman Turner 
1797 - 3 April 1797 - the City Council passed the first ordinance affecting the police. It directed that three persons were to be appointed Commissioners of the watch. They could employ for one year as many Captains and watchmen as had been employed in the night watch the year past for the same remuneration. The Commissioners prescribed regulations and hours of duty for the police. 
1798 - 19 March 1798 - An officer known as “The City” or “High Constable”, was created by the ordinance on March 19, 1798. His duty was "to walk through the streets, lanes, and alleys of the city daily, with mace in hand, taking such rounds, that within a reasonable time he shall visit all parts of the city, and give information to the Mayor or other Magistrate, of all nuisances within the city, and all obstructions and impediments in the streets, lanes, and alleys, and of all offenses committed against the laws and ordinances." He was also required to report the names of the offenders against any ordinance and the names of the witnesses who could sustain the prosecutions against them and regard the mayor as his chief. The yearly salary of the city constable was fixed at $350, and he was required to give a bond for the performance of his duty. 
1798 - Baltimore made the first of certain steps toward creating the chief of police, or marshal as he was later called. A high constable was appointed, and it was his duty to tour the city frequently, carried a mace, the badge of authority, and to report on lawbreakers.  By the turn of the century, Baltimore had again become an unmanageable, riotous city. It was now a bustling community of 31,514 in population and one historian remarks naively, "The city was a rendezvous of a number of evil characters."  
1799 - 26 February 1799 - Authorized the appointment of a city constable in each ward. This ward constable was thus a policeman, and the term of city constable was not properly his although his duties were defined by the ordinance to be the same as those of the city or high constable.

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Baltimore Mayors

1 James Calhoun 1797 1804 4   None  
2 Thorowgood Smith 1804 1808 2   None  
3 Edward Johnson 1808 1816 4   Democratic-Republican  
4 George Stiles 1816 1819 1 ​12   Democratic-Republican Resigned during second term, died shortly after.
(3) Edward Johnson 1819 1820 Partial   Democratic-Republican Elected by the 1818 electors to finish out Mayor Stiles' term.
5 John Montgomery 1820 1822 1   Democratic-Republican  
(3) Edward Johnson 1822 1824 1   Democratic-Republican  
(5) John Montgomery 1824 1826 1   Democratic-Republican  
6 Jacob Small 1826 1831 2 ​12   Democratic-Republican Resigned from office.
7 William Steuart 1831 1832 Partial   Democratic-Republican Elected by the 1830 electors to finish out Mayor Small's term.
8 Jesse Hunt 1832 1835 1 ​12   Whig Resigned from office.
9 Samuel Smith 1835 1838 1 ​12   Democratic First elected in a special election to finish out Mayor Hunt's term, elected to a full term in 1836.
10 Sheppard C. Leakin 1838 1840 1   Whig  
11 Samuel Brady 1840 1842 Partial   Whig Resigned from office.
12 Solomon Hillen Jr. 1842 1843 Partial   Democratic First elected in a special election to finish out Mayor Brady's term, elected to a full term in 1842. Resigned from office.
13 James O. Law 1843 1844 Partial   Democratic Elected in a special election to finish out Mayor Hillen's term.
14 Jacob G. Davies 1844 1848 2   Whig  
15 Elijah Stansbury, Jr. 1848 1850 1   Democratic  
16 John H.T. Jerome 1850 1852 1   Democratic  
17 John S. Hollins 1852 1854 1   Whig  
18 Samuel Hinks 1854 1856 1   American  
19 Thomas Swann 1856 1860 2   American  
20 George W. Brown 1860 1861 Partial   Constitutional Union Arrested and removed from office by the Union Army for Confederate sympathies.
21 John C. Blackburn 1861 1862 Partial   None President of the First Branch of the City Council and served as Mayor Ex Officio from Mayor Brown's arrest until the new First Branch organized and elected a President in January 1862.
22 John L. Chapman 1862 1867 3 ​12   Republican President of the First Branch of the City Council and served as Mayor Ex Officio from January to November 1862. Elected to three terms. His final term was reduced from two years to one year per the new Maryland Constitution.
23 Robert T. Banks 1867 1871 1   Democratic The Maryland Constitution of 1867 extended the term of office from two to four years. The term was reduced back to two years in 1870.
24 Joshua Van Sant 1871 1875 2   Democratic  
25 Ferdinand C. Latrobe 1875 1877 1   Democratic  
26 George P. Kane 1877 1878 Partial   Democratic Died in office.
(25) Ferdinand C. Latrobe 1878 1881 1 ​12   Democratic First elected in a special election to finish out Mayor Kane's term, elected to a full term in 1879.
27 William P. Whyte 1881 1883 1   Democratic  
(25) Ferdinand C. Latrobe 1883 1885 1   Democratic  
28 James Hodges 1885 1887 1   Republican  
(25) Ferdinand C. Latrobe 1887 1889 1   Democratic  
29 Robert C. Davidson 1889 1891 1   Democratic  
(25) Ferdinand C. Latrobe 1891 1895 2   Democratic  
30 Alcaeus Hooper 1895 1897 1   Republican  
31 William T. Malster 1897 1899 1   Republican  
32 Thomas G. Hayes 1899 1903 1   Democratic  
33 Robert McLane 1903 1904 Partial   Democratic Died in office.
34 E. Clay Timanus 1904 1907 Partial   Republican President of the Second Branch. Succeeded to the mayoralty following Mayor McLane's death.
35 J. Barry Mahool 1907 1911 1   Democratic Lost reelection.
36 James H. Preston 1911 1919 2   Democratic Lost reelection.
37 William F. Broening 1919 1923 1   Republican Lost reelection.
38 Howard W. Jackson 1923 1927 1   Democratic Did not run for reelection.
(37) William F. Broening 1927 1931 1   Republican Did not run for reelection.
(38) Howard W. Jackson 1931 1943 3   Democratic Lost reelection in 1943.
39 Theodore McKeldin 1943 1947 1   Republican Did not run for reelection.
40 Thomas D'Alesandro Jr. 1947 1959 3   Democratic Lost reelection in 1959.
41 J. Harold Grady 1959 1962 Partial   Democratic Resigned following appointment as a Judge to the Supreme Bench of Baltimore City (Circuit Court).
42 Philip H. Goodman 1962 1963 Partial   Democratic City Council President. Succeeded to the mayoralty following Grady's resignation. Lost reelection to a full term.
(39) Theodore McKeldin 1963 1967 1   Republican Did not run for reelection.
43 Thomas D'Alesandro III 1967 1971 1   Democratic Did not run for reelection.
44 William D. Schaefer 1971 1987 4   Democratic Baltimore's longest-serving mayor. Resigned following his election as governor.
45 Clarence H. Burns 1987 1987 Partial   Democratic City Council President. First African-American mayor of Baltimore. Succeeded to the mayoralty following Schaefer's resignation. Lost reelection to a full term.
46 Kurt Schmoke 1987 1999 3   Democratic First African-American elected Mayor of Baltimore. Did not run for reelection in 1999.
47 Martin O'Malley 1999 2007 2   Democratic Resigned following his election as governor.
48 Sheila Dixon 2007 2010 Partial   Democratic City Council President. First female Mayor of Baltimore and first female elected Mayor of Baltimore. Succeeded to the mayoralty following O'Malley's resignation. Elected to a full term in 2007. Resigned from office in January 2010.
49 Stephanie Rawlings-Blake 2010 2016 1 ​12   Democratic City Council President. Succeeded to the mayoralty following Dixon's resignation. Elected to a full term in 2011. Did not run for reelection in 2016.
50 Catherine Pugh 2016 2019 Partial   Democratic Resigned from office May 2, 2019.
51 Jack Young 2019 Incumbent Partial   Democratic City Council President. Succeeded to the mayoralty following Pugh's resignation.

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Please contact Det. Ret. Kenny Driscoll if you have any pictures of you or your family members and wish them remembered here on this tribute site to Honor the fine men and women who have served with Honor and Distinction at the Baltimore Police Department. Anyone with information, photographs, memorabilia, or other "Baltimore City Police" items can contact Ret. Det. Kenny Driscoll at   Kenny@BaltimoreCityPoliceHistory.com follow us on Twitter @BaltoPoliceHist or like us on Facebook or mail pics to 8138 Dundalk Ave. Baltimore Md. 21222.

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