1700 - 1800

1729 - 8 August, 1729 - The preservation of the peace, protection of property and the arrest of offenders has been the goal of Baltimore residents since August 8, 1729, when the Legislature created Baltimore Town, 100 years before the "London Metropolitan Police Department" was founded by Sir Robert Peel (1829) Note: Sir Robert Peel "Bobby" Peel is widely believed to be where the nickname of the police helmet "Bobby Cap" came from, upon founding the London Metropolitan Police Department, officers were quickly called Bobby Cops, or Bobbies, likewise their hats, "Bobby Caps" 
1775 - Would be the start of what would come to be 9 years of haphazard policing in "Baltimore Town" where mistakes were made, but those mistakes were learned from, and in 1784 "Baltimore Town", decided to form a paid "Watch", in which the Watchmen could be fired, or otherwise penalized, for neglect of duty. These first attempts to form the Nightwatch had male inhabitant capable of duty sign an agreement, in which they swore to conform to police regulations adopted by the citizens and sanctioned by the Board of Commissioners, to attend when summoned to serve as night watchmen. This committee had some of the functions of the 1888 Board of Police Commissioners. (The town was divided into Districts and in each of these was stationed a company commanded by a Captain of the Nightwatch.) 
1775/76 - The first Captains of the watch, or police, in Baltimore, under this primitive arrangement, were Captain James Calhoun, of the First District; Captain George Woolsey, Second District; Captain Benjamin Griffith, Third District; Captain Barnard Eichelberger, Fourth District; Captain George Lindenberger, Fifth District; and Captain William Goodwin, of the Sixth District. At Fell's Point, Captain Isaac Yanbidder, with two assistants, or Lieutenants. Each Captain had under his command a squad of sixteen men, every inhabitant being enrolled, and taking his turn. The streets were patrolled by these watchmen from 10 pm. until daybreak. 
1776 -  20 December 1776 - As British troops closed in on Philadelphia at the end of 1776, the Continental Congress decided to abandon the city and flee south to the safe haven of Baltimore. Delegates convened on December 20, 1776, inside the spacious house and tavern of Henry Fite. Click HERE 

1784 - The First Attempt to Organize a Paid Force to Guard Baltimore occurred in 1784. Constables were appointed and given police powers to keep the peace. Baltimore's Police Department had been developing their police force since the formation of our "Night Watch" in 1784. In the beginning, they were "Necessary to prevent fires, burglaries, and other outrages and disorders." This from (Chapter 69, Acts of 1784). This was 45 years before Sir Robert Peel's London Metropolitan Police was founded in 1829
1784 - Baltimore would obtain Street Lights by order of the Police Department - These lights were oil lamps and they were lit by order of the police, they were extinguished by the police, and they were maintained by order of the police. It was not so obvious to the public as it were to the panel of commissioners, and to the council of city hall, but the lighted streets in Baltimore were a deterrent that prevented, and decreased crime, in and around "Mob Town". While at first many of the ideas, and or theories of the Panel of Commissioners, and or Our Marshals were often shot down, or put off until they either died in committee or were funded privately. Still, many of these ideas went on to become the norm in law enforcement throughout the country, and around the world.  Furthermore, these concepts would eventually be paid for, and widely approved of and authorized by state legislatures. 
1787 -  May 1787 - We lost our Brother Watchman Turner 
1797 - 3 April 1797 - the City Council passed the first ordinance affecting the police. It directed that three persons were to be appointed Commissioners of the watch. They could employ for one year as many Captains and watchmen as had been employed in the night watch the year past for the same remuneration. The Commissioners prescribed regulations and hours of duty for the police. 
1798 - 19 March 1798 - An officer known as “The City” or “High Constable”, was created by the ordinance on March 19, 1798. His duty was "to walk through the streets, lanes, and alleys of the city daily, with mace in hand, taking such rounds, that within a reasonable time he shall visit all parts of the city, and give information to the Mayor or other Magistrate, of all nuisances within the city, and all obstructions and impediments in the streets, lanes, and alleys, and of all offenses committed against the laws and ordinances." He was also required to report the names of the offenders against any ordinance and the names of the witnesses who could sustain the prosecutions against them and regard the mayor as his chief. The yearly salary of the city constable was fixed at $350, and he was required to give a bond for the performance of his duty. 
1798 - Baltimore made the first of certain steps toward creating the chief of police, or marshal as he was later called. A high constable was appointed, and it was his duty to tour the city frequently, carried a mace, the badge of authority, and to report on lawbreakers.  By the turn of the century, Baltimore had again become an unmanageable, riotous city. It was now a bustling community of 31,514 in population and one historian remarks naively, "The city was a rendezvous of a number of evil characters."  
1799 - 26 February 1799 - Authorized the appointment of a city constable in each ward. This ward constable was thus a policeman, and the term of city constable was not properly his although his duties were defined by the ordinance to be the same as those of the city or high constable.

sun
mon
tue
wed
thu
fri
sat
 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
 
 
 
 

No events for this period

BCP chrome HOF72 Marshal Thomas Farnan

Baltimore Police Hall of Fame

These officers are legends with names that everyone should be familiar with; they either put forward something that resulted in long-lasting improvements or stood out for a specific act or actions during their careers with the Baltimore Police Department. Members of our department nominated all of them. If you have someone to nominate, send us their name, years of active service, assignment(s), and why you believe they should be added to this list.

Baltimore Police Historic Society
      "Officer of the Year"
 
Baltimore City Police Fallen Heroes  
Known Call Box Numbers 
Known Badge Numbers 
Baltimore City Police Blue Bloods 
Baltimore City Police Alumni 
Baltimore Police Newsletters  
What makes an Espantoon an Espantoon 
Final Roll Call 
Good Cop - Bad Cop 
History Calendar 
Baltimore Police Historical Society 
Books Written by our Police

Button banner

button front

Support this Page

Buy our Challenge Coins

$25.00 ea.
$4.00 postage for first coin 
.50 cents each for all after the first

Click HERE for more info

Button banner

Gold Button

Support this Page

Buy our Defund the Police Patch

$6.50
Free postage 
Click HERE for more info

Button bannerGold Button

Support this Page

Buy our Served with Honor Patch

$6.50

Free postage Click HERE for more info

 

Irvin H Hahn CompanyF350Replica BPD Badges
Click HERE or the logo above

Diecast-truck.jpgF350For Sale BPD Diecast Truck

To see a copy of the Order Form click the above picture or click HERE. You can also write Skip Panowitz direct at the following email Autocollectibles@verizon.net  A portion of your purchase will go toward funding this site, research for the museum, and toward the preservation of Baltimore Police Department's history.  CODE  

American Patch PinAPP LogoAmerican Patch & Pin

Commemorate your occasions, design your own custom patches, pins & coins. When we at Baltimore Police History have our patches made, we only use American Patch & Pin Company.

Click HERE or the logo above to visit their site.      HERE

redlineMake a Donation 300x247

Click HERE or the PayPal pic Above to Donate 

 

Press Review

Turnkey John J. Lanahan

Fallen HeroTurnkey, John J. Lanahan  
CLICK HERE FOR AUDIO

On this day in Baltimore Police History, July 3, 1919, we lost our brother, Police Officer John J. Lanahan, to gunfire based on the following:

Turnkey John Lanahan's tragic shooting death by a prisoner on July 3, 1919, signaled the end of his life. Prior to this incident, Lanahan had gained significant recognition for his role in an unforgettable event involving the renowned escape artist Harry Houdini. In 1916, Lanahan became widely known for successfully securing Houdini in shackles, handcuffs, chains, etc. before placing him and securing a jail cell in the Baltimore Police Department's Central District, a jail cell from which the master of escape managed to free himself, captivating audiences worldwide. This jail cell escape was a publicity stunt to gain attention for the straightjacket escape Harry would be doing the next day. That escape drew crowds of upwards of 50,000 men, women, and children who jammed shoulder to shoulder in downtown Baltimore to see Harry Houdini, the famous escape artist, give the greatest free show that up until that time the city had never seen. The anticipation and excitement surrounding Houdini's pending straitjacket escape reached a fevered pitch as word spread throughout the city. People from all walks of life eagerly awaited the spectacle, excited to witness firsthand the incredible skills of the renowned magician. The atmosphere was electric, with an air of anticipation and wonder that only Houdini could create.

BURGLAR KILLS TURNKEY

Newspapers of the times reported on July 4, 1919, p. . 14

Turnkey John J. Lanahan, 57 years old, of the Central Police Station, whose home is at 2028 Robb St., Northeast Baltimore, was shot to death at 8:55 o'clock yesterday morning [3 July 1919] by Frank Wozniak, 31 years old, an unnaturalized Russian pole, who the night before burglarized the office of the American Railway Express Company's office at Sudbrook, on the Western Maryland Railroad.


The murder of Turnkey Lannahan happened before the eyes of Lieutenant . W. F. Klinefelter, and patrolmen Crass and Traupe had taken Wozniak to the police station for examination as to his possession of watches and jewelry. Which he was trying to dispose of to a Harrison Street secondhand dealer.


Two shots were fired by the pole, one entering Turnkey Lanahan's breast and the other going through the open window of a petition and lodging into a plastered wall of the signal operator's office.


Headquarters Detective J. F. Dougherty, of the homicide squad, in making an investigation after the shooting, obtained information indicating that Wozniak fired the shots with the idea of affecting his escape after realizing that imprisonment was unavoidable.


Slayer admits Robberies

The Pole was questioned yesterday afternoon by Capt. A. L. League of the Central District, and he admitted that for several weeks he had gone out on thieving expeditions.

He confessed that he went to the Sudbrook Station Wednesday night, broke into the office, and rifled express packages, seeking money or jewelry. He made his escape with two boxes containing watches, and when he attempted to sell the watches yesterday, Patrolman Crass arrested him. Crass did not call for the patrol wagon, and as the prisoner offered no resistance, he walked him to the police station.

Wozniak was before the desk in the usual manner, and there was nothing in his attitude to indicate that he contemplated either escape or attack. He gave his name, age, and the address of 1637 Eastern Ave. He said later, however, that he had not lived at the Eastern Avenue address for several weeks, and his statement was verified by the police of the Eastern District.

Lieut. Kleinfelder called turnkey Lannahan, and in his usual jovial, sympathetic manner, Lannahan approached the prisoner.

"Come, my boy, that's me. See what you've got," said the turnkey as he raised Wozniak's hand and started to feel the pockets of his coat. At this juncture, patrolman Crash was standing a few feet from the prisoner, and patrolman Ttraupe was standing at the entrance to the core door leading to the lockup. Patrolman Kerns and Kelly, housemen, were behind the desk, and Capt. League was at his desk.


Backs away and fires

As Turnkey Lannahan raised his hands Wozniak backed away, drew a pistol from his right hip pocket, and fired two shots. One bullet struck the turnkey, and the other struck the wall. Crass and Troupe pounced upon Wozniak, and Capt. League withdrew a pistol and ran from his desk. The prisoner was beaten into helplessness and was dragged away. His arms were held by four policemen.

The pistol was taken from his hand, and a second weapon was taken from his pocket. 20 bullets were found in another pocket. The central ambulance was on a call, but no time was lost in getting turnkey Lannahan to Mercy Hospital. Policemen carried him to the automobile of Frank H. Cook, 318 North Charles St., and Mr. Cook sped to Mercy Hospital. Dr. Eustace H. Allen, of the surgical staff, pronounced turnkey Lannahan dead. The bullet penetrated his heart, causing an internal hemorrhage.

Had it not been for the manner in which Wozniak was overpowered by the patrolman troupe and Crass, the murderer of the turnkey would have been shot by Capt. League. The prisoner was badly mauled, and he was taken to Mercy Hospital to have his injuries attended to. After being returned to the police station, he was questioned.


Statement made by Paul

"I am a native of Wienstow, Russian Poland, and I have no relatives in this country," was told Capt. League. "I came here in 1914 and landed in New York, where I lived for several months; later, I went to Cumberland, Maryland, and I have worked on farms in Western Maryland. I came to Baltimore two years ago but never had a regular home here. I used to stop at the home of a friend on Eastern Avenue, near Broadway. I am a member of no organization, and I have never taken out any form of naturalization papers. I can't say why I shot the man, and I don't know why I pulled the pistol from my pocket."

Jewelry was found in Wozniak's pocket, and he admitted that he had robbed homes in the neighborhood of Back River. He also said that he was formally employed at a South Baltimore shipbuilding plant. Questioned about the burglary at Sudbrook station by the postal inspector Brill, Wozniak said that he went to the station Wednesday night and entered the place by breaking open a window. He got boxes of watches consigned by a New York firm to Robert Corbett and his son at Pikesville.

Marshall Carter and members of the police board were shocked when they heard of the murder of Turnkey Lannahan. Gen. Riggs and police Commissioner E. F. Burke are cognizant of the work required of a turnkey because of their visits to the police stations at night. Gen. Riggs has often witnessed the difficulties experienced by turnkeys and footmen of patrols in the handling of prisoners.

Turnkey Lannahan was regarded as one of the most efficient turnkeys in the department. He was known particularly because of his kindness and consideration for prisoners, and he always tried to cheer them on and make things as easy as possible for them while in his custody. He was appointed to the department 19 years ago. He had been one of the alternating turnkeys at the central police station for seven years. He is survived by his widow, Mrs. Mary Lannahan, two sons, who are in the armed forces of the United States, and two daughters.

States attorney Harry W. Nice, coroner W. T. Reilly of the Central District, and assistant state's attorney Siegel conducted the inquest held at the central police station last night. The witnesses included Lieutenant . W. F. Kleinfelder, Patrolman Crass, Troupe, Turns, and Kelly, all of the central district, and Dr. H. J. Mauled, who performed the postmortem examination. He told the jury that the bullet caused internal hemorrhaging and that it struck the turnkey's heart and left lung.

The jury, of which John A. McDivitt was foreman, found that "turnkey Jay. Jay. Lanahan came to his death on July 3, 1919, at 9 AM from a gunshot wound at the hand of Frank Wozniak." Comments were prepared, and Wozniak was committed to jail pending his trial in the criminal court. Wozniak was brought before the jury, but he said, "He was in no condition to make a statement."

Because of the seriousness of the crime, State Attorney Nice declared that the case would be set for trial early in September and that no delay would interfere.

1 black devider 800 8 72

More Details

NameDescription
End of Watch July 3, 1919
City, St. Central District, Cell Block
Panel Number 25-E: 1
Cause of Death Gunfire
Weapon - Handgun
District Worked Central

 

 

1 black devider 800 8 72

POLICE INFORMATION

If you have copies of: your Baltimore Police Department class photo; pictures of our officers, vehicles, and equipment; newspaper articles relating to our department and/or officers; old departmental newsletters; lookouts; wanted posters; or brochures. Information on deceased officers and anything that may help preserve the history and proud traditions of this agency. Please contact retired detective Kenny Driscoll.

This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

Devider color with motto

NOTICE

How to Dispose of Old Police Items

Please contact Det. Ret. Kenny Driscoll if you have any pictures of you or your family members and wish them remembered here on this tribute site to honor the fine men and women who have served with honor and distinction at the Baltimore Police Department. Anyone with information, photographs, memorabilia, or other "Baltimore City Police" items can contact Ret. Det. Kenny Driscoll at This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. follow us on Twitter @BaltoPoliceHist, like us on Facebook or mail pictures to 8138 Dundalk Ave., Baltimore, Md. 21222

 

Copyright © 2002 Baltimore City Police History: Ret Det. Kenny Driscoll 

YOU MAY LIKE

What Makes an Espantoon an Espantoon

Richard J. Ellwood Sr

Gary Provenzano BPD History Pictures

Officer John F. Andrews

How to Dispose of Old Police Items

logo

Please contact Det. Ret. Kenny Driscoll if you have any pictures of you or your family members and wish them remembered here on this tribute site to Honor the fine men and women who have served with Honor and Distinction at the Baltimore Police Department. Anyone with information, photographs, memorabilia, or other "Baltimore City Police" items can contact Ret. Det. Kenny Driscoll at   Kenny@BaltimoreCityPoliceHistory.com follow us on Twitter @BaltoPoliceHist or like us on Facebook or mail pics to 8138 Dundalk Ave. Baltimore Md. 21222.

NEWSLETTER

Subscribe now to get 100 exclusive photo & two newsletters per month